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1 : : // Copyright (c) 2009-2010 Satoshi Nakamoto
2 : : // Copyright (c) 2009-2022 The Bitcoin Core developers
3 : : // Distributed under the MIT software license, see the accompanying
4 : : // file COPYING or http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php.
5 : :
6 : : #ifndef BITCOIN_VALIDATION_H
7 : : #define BITCOIN_VALIDATION_H
8 : :
9 : : #if defined(HAVE_CONFIG_H)
10 : : #include <config/bitcoin-config.h>
11 : : #endif
12 : :
13 : : #include <arith_uint256.h>
14 : : #include <attributes.h>
15 : : #include <chain.h>
16 : : #include <kernel/chain.h>
17 : : #include <consensus/amount.h>
18 : : #include <deploymentstatus.h>
19 : : #include <kernel/chainparams.h>
20 : : #include <kernel/chainstatemanager_opts.h>
21 : : #include <kernel/cs_main.h> // IWYU pragma: export
22 : : #include <node/blockstorage.h>
23 : : #include <policy/feerate.h>
24 : : #include <policy/packages.h>
25 : : #include <policy/policy.h>
26 : : #include <script/script_error.h>
27 : : #include <sync.h>
28 : : #include <txdb.h>
29 : : #include <txmempool.h> // For CTxMemPool::cs
30 : : #include <uint256.h>
31 : : #include <util/check.h>
32 : : #include <util/fs.h>
33 : : #include <util/hasher.h>
34 : : #include <util/result.h>
35 : : #include <util/translation.h>
36 : : #include <versionbits.h>
37 : :
38 : : #include <atomic>
39 : : #include <map>
40 : : #include <memory>
41 : : #include <optional>
42 : : #include <set>
43 : : #include <stdint.h>
44 : : #include <string>
45 : : #include <thread>
46 : : #include <type_traits>
47 : : #include <utility>
48 : : #include <vector>
49 : :
50 : : class Chainstate;
51 : : class CTxMemPool;
52 : : class ChainstateManager;
53 : : struct ChainTxData;
54 : : class DisconnectedBlockTransactions;
55 : : struct PrecomputedTransactionData;
56 : : struct LockPoints;
57 : : struct AssumeutxoData;
58 : : namespace node {
59 : : class SnapshotMetadata;
60 : : } // namespace node
61 : : namespace Consensus {
62 : : struct Params;
63 : : } // namespace Consensus
64 : : namespace util {
65 : : class SignalInterrupt;
66 : : } // namespace util
67 : :
68 : : /** Maximum number of dedicated script-checking threads allowed */
69 : : static const int MAX_SCRIPTCHECK_THREADS = 15;
70 : : /** -par default (number of script-checking threads, 0 = auto) */
71 : : static const int DEFAULT_SCRIPTCHECK_THREADS = 0;
72 : : /** Block files containing a block-height within MIN_BLOCKS_TO_KEEP of ActiveChain().Tip() will not be pruned. */
73 : : static const unsigned int MIN_BLOCKS_TO_KEEP = 288;
74 : : static const signed int DEFAULT_CHECKBLOCKS = 6;
75 : : static constexpr int DEFAULT_CHECKLEVEL{3};
76 : : // Require that user allocate at least 550 MiB for block & undo files (blk???.dat and rev???.dat)
77 : : // At 1MB per block, 288 blocks = 288MB.
78 : : // Add 15% for Undo data = 331MB
79 : : // Add 20% for Orphan block rate = 397MB
80 : : // We want the low water mark after pruning to be at least 397 MB and since we prune in
81 : : // full block file chunks, we need the high water mark which triggers the prune to be
82 : : // one 128MB block file + added 15% undo data = 147MB greater for a total of 545MB
83 : : // Setting the target to >= 550 MiB will make it likely we can respect the target.
84 : : static const uint64_t MIN_DISK_SPACE_FOR_BLOCK_FILES = 550 * 1024 * 1024;
85 : :
86 : : /** Current sync state passed to tip changed callbacks. */
87 : : enum class SynchronizationState {
88 : : INIT_REINDEX,
89 : : INIT_DOWNLOAD,
90 : : POST_INIT
91 : : };
92 : :
93 : : extern GlobalMutex g_best_block_mutex;
94 : : extern std::condition_variable g_best_block_cv;
95 : : /** Used to notify getblocktemplate RPC of new tips. */
96 : : extern uint256 g_best_block;
97 : :
98 : : /** Documentation for argument 'checklevel'. */
99 : : extern const std::vector<std::string> CHECKLEVEL_DOC;
100 : :
101 : : /** Run instances of script checking worker threads */
102 : : void StartScriptCheckWorkerThreads(int threads_num);
103 : : /** Stop all of the script checking worker threads */
104 : : void StopScriptCheckWorkerThreads();
105 : :
106 : : CAmount GetBlockSubsidy(int nHeight, const Consensus::Params& consensusParams);
107 : :
108 : : bool FatalError(kernel::Notifications& notifications, BlockValidationState& state, const std::string& strMessage, const bilingual_str& userMessage = {});
109 : :
110 : : /** Guess verification progress (as a fraction between 0.0=genesis and 1.0=current tip). */
111 : : double GuessVerificationProgress(const ChainTxData& data, const CBlockIndex* pindex);
112 : :
113 : : /** Prune block files up to a given height */
114 : : void PruneBlockFilesManual(Chainstate& active_chainstate, int nManualPruneHeight);
115 : :
116 : : /**
117 : : * Validation result for a single transaction mempool acceptance.
118 : : */
119 [ # # ][ # # ]: 0 : struct MempoolAcceptResult {
120 : : /** Used to indicate the results of mempool validation. */
121 : : enum class ResultType {
122 : : VALID, //!> Fully validated, valid.
123 : : INVALID, //!> Invalid.
124 : : MEMPOOL_ENTRY, //!> Valid, transaction was already in the mempool.
125 : : DIFFERENT_WITNESS, //!> Not validated. A same-txid-different-witness tx (see m_other_wtxid) already exists in the mempool and was not replaced.
126 : : };
127 : : /** Result type. Present in all MempoolAcceptResults. */
128 : : const ResultType m_result_type;
129 : :
130 : : /** Contains information about why the transaction failed. */
131 : : const TxValidationState m_state;
132 : :
133 : : // The following fields are only present when m_result_type = ResultType::VALID or MEMPOOL_ENTRY
134 : : /** Mempool transactions replaced by the tx. */
135 : : const std::optional<std::list<CTransactionRef>> m_replaced_transactions;
136 : : /** Virtual size as used by the mempool, calculated using serialized size and sigops. */
137 : : const std::optional<int64_t> m_vsize;
138 : : /** Raw base fees in satoshis. */
139 : : const std::optional<CAmount> m_base_fees;
140 : : /** The feerate at which this transaction was considered. This includes any fee delta added
141 : : * using prioritisetransaction (i.e. modified fees). If this transaction was submitted as a
142 : : * package, this is the package feerate, which may also include its descendants and/or
143 : : * ancestors (see m_wtxids_fee_calculations below).
144 : : * Only present when m_result_type = ResultType::VALID.
145 : : */
146 : : const std::optional<CFeeRate> m_effective_feerate;
147 : : /** Contains the wtxids of the transactions used for fee-related checks. Includes this
148 : : * transaction's wtxid and may include others if this transaction was validated as part of a
149 : : * package. This is not necessarily equivalent to the list of transactions passed to
150 : : * ProcessNewPackage().
151 : : * Only present when m_result_type = ResultType::VALID. */
152 : : const std::optional<std::vector<uint256>> m_wtxids_fee_calculations;
153 : :
154 : : // The following field is only present when m_result_type = ResultType::DIFFERENT_WITNESS
155 : : /** The wtxid of the transaction in the mempool which has the same txid but different witness. */
156 : : const std::optional<uint256> m_other_wtxid;
157 : :
158 : 0 : static MempoolAcceptResult Failure(TxValidationState state) {
159 [ # # ]: 0 : return MempoolAcceptResult(state);
160 : 0 : }
161 : :
162 : 0 : static MempoolAcceptResult Success(std::list<CTransactionRef>&& replaced_txns,
163 : : int64_t vsize,
164 : : CAmount fees,
165 : : CFeeRate effective_feerate,
166 : : const std::vector<uint256>& wtxids_fee_calculations) {
167 : 0 : return MempoolAcceptResult(std::move(replaced_txns), vsize, fees,
168 : 0 : effective_feerate, wtxids_fee_calculations);
169 : : }
170 : :
171 : 0 : static MempoolAcceptResult MempoolTx(int64_t vsize, CAmount fees) {
172 : 0 : return MempoolAcceptResult(vsize, fees);
173 : : }
174 : :
175 : 0 : static MempoolAcceptResult MempoolTxDifferentWitness(const uint256& other_wtxid) {
176 : 0 : return MempoolAcceptResult(other_wtxid);
177 : : }
178 : :
179 : : // Private constructors. Use static methods MempoolAcceptResult::Success, etc. to construct.
180 : : private:
181 : : /** Constructor for failure case */
182 : 0 : explicit MempoolAcceptResult(TxValidationState state)
183 : 0 : : m_result_type(ResultType::INVALID), m_state(state) {
184 [ # # ]: 0 : Assume(!state.IsValid()); // Can be invalid or error
185 : 0 : }
186 : :
187 : : /** Constructor for success case */
188 : 0 : explicit MempoolAcceptResult(std::list<CTransactionRef>&& replaced_txns,
189 : : int64_t vsize,
190 : : CAmount fees,
191 : : CFeeRate effective_feerate,
192 : : const std::vector<uint256>& wtxids_fee_calculations)
193 : 0 : : m_result_type(ResultType::VALID),
194 : 0 : m_replaced_transactions(std::move(replaced_txns)),
195 : 0 : m_vsize{vsize},
196 : 0 : m_base_fees(fees),
197 : 0 : m_effective_feerate(effective_feerate),
198 [ # # ]: 0 : m_wtxids_fee_calculations(wtxids_fee_calculations) {}
199 : :
200 : : /** Constructor for already-in-mempool case. It wouldn't replace any transactions. */
201 : 0 : explicit MempoolAcceptResult(int64_t vsize, CAmount fees)
202 : 0 : : m_result_type(ResultType::MEMPOOL_ENTRY), m_vsize{vsize}, m_base_fees(fees) {}
203 : :
204 : : /** Constructor for witness-swapped case. */
205 : 0 : explicit MempoolAcceptResult(const uint256& other_wtxid)
206 : 0 : : m_result_type(ResultType::DIFFERENT_WITNESS), m_other_wtxid(other_wtxid) {}
207 : : };
208 : :
209 : : /**
210 : : * Validation result for package mempool acceptance.
211 : : */
212 : 0 : struct PackageMempoolAcceptResult
213 : : {
214 : : PackageValidationState m_state;
215 : : /**
216 : : * Map from wtxid to finished MempoolAcceptResults. The client is responsible
217 : : * for keeping track of the transaction objects themselves. If a result is not
218 : : * present, it means validation was unfinished for that transaction. If there
219 : : * was a package-wide error (see result in m_state), m_tx_results will be empty.
220 : : */
221 : : std::map<uint256, MempoolAcceptResult> m_tx_results;
222 : :
223 : 0 : explicit PackageMempoolAcceptResult(PackageValidationState state,
224 : : std::map<uint256, MempoolAcceptResult>&& results)
225 : 0 : : m_state{state}, m_tx_results(std::move(results)) {}
226 : :
227 : : explicit PackageMempoolAcceptResult(PackageValidationState state, CFeeRate feerate,
228 : : std::map<uint256, MempoolAcceptResult>&& results)
229 : : : m_state{state}, m_tx_results(std::move(results)) {}
230 : :
231 : : /** Constructor to create a PackageMempoolAcceptResult from a single MempoolAcceptResult */
232 : 0 : explicit PackageMempoolAcceptResult(const uint256& wtxid, const MempoolAcceptResult& result)
233 [ # # ][ # # ]: 0 : : m_tx_results{ {wtxid, result} } {}
234 : : };
235 : :
236 : : /**
237 : : * Try to add a transaction to the mempool. This is an internal function and is exposed only for testing.
238 : : * Client code should use ChainstateManager::ProcessTransaction()
239 : : *
240 : : * @param[in] active_chainstate Reference to the active chainstate.
241 : : * @param[in] tx The transaction to submit for mempool acceptance.
242 : : * @param[in] accept_time The timestamp for adding the transaction to the mempool.
243 : : * It is also used to determine when the entry expires.
244 : : * @param[in] bypass_limits When true, don't enforce mempool fee and capacity limits,
245 : : * and set entry_sequence to zero.
246 : : * @param[in] test_accept When true, run validation checks but don't submit to mempool.
247 : : *
248 : : * @returns a MempoolAcceptResult indicating whether the transaction was accepted/rejected with reason.
249 : : */
250 : : MempoolAcceptResult AcceptToMemoryPool(Chainstate& active_chainstate, const CTransactionRef& tx,
251 : : int64_t accept_time, bool bypass_limits, bool test_accept)
252 : : EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(cs_main);
253 : :
254 : : /**
255 : : * Validate (and maybe submit) a package to the mempool. See doc/policy/packages.md for full details
256 : : * on package validation rules.
257 : : * @param[in] test_accept When true, run validation checks but don't submit to mempool.
258 : : * @returns a PackageMempoolAcceptResult which includes a MempoolAcceptResult for each transaction.
259 : : * If a transaction fails, validation will exit early and some results may be missing. It is also
260 : : * possible for the package to be partially submitted.
261 : : */
262 : : PackageMempoolAcceptResult ProcessNewPackage(Chainstate& active_chainstate, CTxMemPool& pool,
263 : : const Package& txns, bool test_accept)
264 : : EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(cs_main);
265 : :
266 : : /* Mempool validation helper functions */
267 : :
268 : : /**
269 : : * Check if transaction will be final in the next block to be created.
270 : : */
271 : : bool CheckFinalTxAtTip(const CBlockIndex& active_chain_tip, const CTransaction& tx) EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(::cs_main);
272 : :
273 : : /**
274 : : * Calculate LockPoints required to check if transaction will be BIP68 final in the next block
275 : : * to be created on top of tip.
276 : : *
277 : : * @param[in] tip Chain tip for which tx sequence locks are calculated. For
278 : : * example, the tip of the current active chain.
279 : : * @param[in] coins_view Any CCoinsView that provides access to the relevant coins for
280 : : * checking sequence locks. For example, it can be a CCoinsViewCache
281 : : * that isn't connected to anything but contains all the relevant
282 : : * coins, or a CCoinsViewMemPool that is connected to the
283 : : * mempool and chainstate UTXO set. In the latter case, the caller
284 : : * is responsible for holding the appropriate locks to ensure that
285 : : * calls to GetCoin() return correct coins.
286 : : * @param[in] tx The transaction being evaluated.
287 : : *
288 : : * @returns The resulting height and time calculated and the hash of the block needed for
289 : : * calculation, or std::nullopt if there is an error.
290 : : */
291 : : std::optional<LockPoints> CalculateLockPointsAtTip(
292 : : CBlockIndex* tip,
293 : : const CCoinsView& coins_view,
294 : : const CTransaction& tx);
295 : :
296 : : /**
297 : : * Check if transaction will be BIP68 final in the next block to be created on top of tip.
298 : : * @param[in] tip Chain tip to check tx sequence locks against. For example,
299 : : * the tip of the current active chain.
300 : : * @param[in] lock_points LockPoints containing the height and time at which this
301 : : * transaction is final.
302 : : * Simulates calling SequenceLocks() with data from the tip passed in.
303 : : * The LockPoints should not be considered valid if CheckSequenceLocksAtTip returns false.
304 : : */
305 : : bool CheckSequenceLocksAtTip(CBlockIndex* tip,
306 : : const LockPoints& lock_points);
307 : :
308 : : /**
309 : : * Closure representing one script verification
310 : : * Note that this stores references to the spending transaction
311 : : */
312 : 0 : class CScriptCheck
313 : : {
314 : : private:
315 : : CTxOut m_tx_out;
316 : : const CTransaction *ptxTo;
317 : : unsigned int nIn;
318 : : unsigned int nFlags;
319 : : bool cacheStore;
320 : 0 : ScriptError error{SCRIPT_ERR_UNKNOWN_ERROR};
321 : : PrecomputedTransactionData *txdata;
322 : :
323 : : public:
324 : 0 : CScriptCheck(const CTxOut& outIn, const CTransaction& txToIn, unsigned int nInIn, unsigned int nFlagsIn, bool cacheIn, PrecomputedTransactionData* txdataIn) :
325 : 0 : m_tx_out(outIn), ptxTo(&txToIn), nIn(nInIn), nFlags(nFlagsIn), cacheStore(cacheIn), txdata(txdataIn) { }
326 : :
327 : : CScriptCheck(const CScriptCheck&) = delete;
328 : : CScriptCheck& operator=(const CScriptCheck&) = delete;
329 : 0 : CScriptCheck(CScriptCheck&&) = default;
330 : 0 : CScriptCheck& operator=(CScriptCheck&&) = default;
331 : :
332 : : bool operator()();
333 : :
334 : 0 : ScriptError GetScriptError() const { return error; }
335 : : };
336 : :
337 : : // CScriptCheck is used a lot in std::vector, make sure that's efficient
338 : : static_assert(std::is_nothrow_move_assignable_v<CScriptCheck>);
339 : : static_assert(std::is_nothrow_move_constructible_v<CScriptCheck>);
340 : : static_assert(std::is_nothrow_destructible_v<CScriptCheck>);
341 : :
342 : : /** Initializes the script-execution cache */
343 : : [[nodiscard]] bool InitScriptExecutionCache(size_t max_size_bytes);
344 : :
345 : : /** Functions for validating blocks and updating the block tree */
346 : :
347 : : /** Context-independent validity checks */
348 : : bool CheckBlock(const CBlock& block, BlockValidationState& state, const Consensus::Params& consensusParams, bool fCheckPOW = true, bool fCheckMerkleRoot = true);
349 : :
350 : : /** Check a block is completely valid from start to finish (only works on top of our current best block) */
351 : : bool TestBlockValidity(BlockValidationState& state,
352 : : const CChainParams& chainparams,
353 : : Chainstate& chainstate,
354 : : const CBlock& block,
355 : : CBlockIndex* pindexPrev,
356 : : const std::function<NodeClock::time_point()>& adjusted_time_callback,
357 : : bool fCheckPOW = true,
358 : : bool fCheckMerkleRoot = true) EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(cs_main);
359 : :
360 : : /** Check with the proof of work on each blockheader matches the value in nBits */
361 : : bool HasValidProofOfWork(const std::vector<CBlockHeader>& headers, const Consensus::Params& consensusParams);
362 : :
363 : : /** Return the sum of the work on a given set of headers */
364 : : arith_uint256 CalculateHeadersWork(const std::vector<CBlockHeader>& headers);
365 : :
366 : : enum class VerifyDBResult {
367 : : SUCCESS,
368 : : CORRUPTED_BLOCK_DB,
369 : : INTERRUPTED,
370 : : SKIPPED_L3_CHECKS,
371 : : SKIPPED_MISSING_BLOCKS,
372 : : };
373 : :
374 : : /** RAII wrapper for VerifyDB: Verify consistency of the block and coin databases */
375 : : class CVerifyDB
376 : : {
377 : : private:
378 : : kernel::Notifications& m_notifications;
379 : :
380 : : public:
381 : : explicit CVerifyDB(kernel::Notifications& notifications);
382 : : ~CVerifyDB();
383 : : [[nodiscard]] VerifyDBResult VerifyDB(
384 : : Chainstate& chainstate,
385 : : const Consensus::Params& consensus_params,
386 : : CCoinsView& coinsview,
387 : : int nCheckLevel,
388 : : int nCheckDepth) EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(cs_main);
389 : : };
390 : :
391 : : enum DisconnectResult
392 : : {
393 : : DISCONNECT_OK, // All good.
394 : : DISCONNECT_UNCLEAN, // Rolled back, but UTXO set was inconsistent with block.
395 : : DISCONNECT_FAILED // Something else went wrong.
396 : : };
397 : :
398 : : class ConnectTrace;
399 : :
400 : : /** @see Chainstate::FlushStateToDisk */
401 : : enum class FlushStateMode {
402 : : NONE,
403 : : IF_NEEDED,
404 : : PERIODIC,
405 : : ALWAYS
406 : : };
407 : :
408 : : /**
409 : : * A convenience class for constructing the CCoinsView* hierarchy used
410 : : * to facilitate access to the UTXO set.
411 : : *
412 : : * This class consists of an arrangement of layered CCoinsView objects,
413 : : * preferring to store and retrieve coins in memory via `m_cacheview` but
414 : : * ultimately falling back on cache misses to the canonical store of UTXOs on
415 : : * disk, `m_dbview`.
416 : : */
417 : 0 : class CoinsViews {
418 : :
419 : : public:
420 : : //! The lowest level of the CoinsViews cache hierarchy sits in a leveldb database on disk.
421 : : //! All unspent coins reside in this store.
422 : : CCoinsViewDB m_dbview GUARDED_BY(cs_main);
423 : :
424 : : //! This view wraps access to the leveldb instance and handles read errors gracefully.
425 : : CCoinsViewErrorCatcher m_catcherview GUARDED_BY(cs_main);
426 : :
427 : : //! This is the top layer of the cache hierarchy - it keeps as many coins in memory as
428 : : //! can fit per the dbcache setting.
429 : : std::unique_ptr<CCoinsViewCache> m_cacheview GUARDED_BY(cs_main);
430 : :
431 : : //! This constructor initializes CCoinsViewDB and CCoinsViewErrorCatcher instances, but it
432 : : //! *does not* create a CCoinsViewCache instance by default. This is done separately because the
433 : : //! presence of the cache has implications on whether or not we're allowed to flush the cache's
434 : : //! state to disk, which should not be done until the health of the database is verified.
435 : : //!
436 : : //! All arguments forwarded onto CCoinsViewDB.
437 : : CoinsViews(DBParams db_params, CoinsViewOptions options);
438 : :
439 : : //! Initialize the CCoinsViewCache member.
440 : : void InitCache() EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(::cs_main);
441 : : };
442 : :
443 : : enum class CoinsCacheSizeState
444 : : {
445 : : //! The coins cache is in immediate need of a flush.
446 : : CRITICAL = 2,
447 : : //! The cache is at >= 90% capacity.
448 : : LARGE = 1,
449 : : OK = 0
450 : : };
451 : :
452 : : /**
453 : : * Chainstate stores and provides an API to update our local knowledge of the
454 : : * current best chain.
455 : : *
456 : : * Eventually, the API here is targeted at being exposed externally as a
457 : : * consumable libconsensus library, so any functions added must only call
458 : : * other class member functions, pure functions in other parts of the consensus
459 : : * library, callbacks via the validation interface, or read/write-to-disk
460 : : * functions (eventually this will also be via callbacks).
461 : : *
462 : : * Anything that is contingent on the current tip of the chain is stored here,
463 : : * whereas block information and metadata independent of the current tip is
464 : : * kept in `BlockManager`.
465 : : */
466 : 0 : class Chainstate
467 : : {
468 : : protected:
469 : : /**
470 : : * The ChainState Mutex
471 : : * A lock that must be held when modifying this ChainState - held in ActivateBestChain() and
472 : : * InvalidateBlock()
473 : : */
474 : : Mutex m_chainstate_mutex;
475 : :
476 : : //! Optional mempool that is kept in sync with the chain.
477 : : //! Only the active chainstate has a mempool.
478 : : CTxMemPool* m_mempool;
479 : :
480 : : //! Manages the UTXO set, which is a reflection of the contents of `m_chain`.
481 : : std::unique_ptr<CoinsViews> m_coins_views;
482 : :
483 : : //! This toggle exists for use when doing background validation for UTXO
484 : : //! snapshots.
485 : : //!
486 : : //! In the expected case, it is set once the background validation chain reaches the
487 : : //! same height as the base of the snapshot and its UTXO set is found to hash to
488 : : //! the expected assumeutxo value. It signals that we should no longer connect
489 : : //! blocks to the background chainstate. When set on the background validation
490 : : //! chainstate, it signifies that we have fully validated the snapshot chainstate.
491 : : //!
492 : : //! In the unlikely case that the snapshot chainstate is found to be invalid, this
493 : : //! is set to true on the snapshot chainstate.
494 : : bool m_disabled GUARDED_BY(::cs_main) {false};
495 : :
496 : : //! Cached result of LookupBlockIndex(*m_from_snapshot_blockhash)
497 : : const CBlockIndex* m_cached_snapshot_base GUARDED_BY(::cs_main) {nullptr};
498 : :
499 : : public:
500 : : //! Reference to a BlockManager instance which itself is shared across all
501 : : //! Chainstate instances.
502 : : node::BlockManager& m_blockman;
503 : :
504 : : //! The chainstate manager that owns this chainstate. The reference is
505 : : //! necessary so that this instance can check whether it is the active
506 : : //! chainstate within deeply nested method calls.
507 : : ChainstateManager& m_chainman;
508 : :
509 : : explicit Chainstate(
510 : : CTxMemPool* mempool,
511 : : node::BlockManager& blockman,
512 : : ChainstateManager& chainman,
513 : : std::optional<uint256> from_snapshot_blockhash = std::nullopt);
514 : :
515 : : //! Return the current role of the chainstate. See `ChainstateManager`
516 : : //! documentation for a description of the different types of chainstates.
517 : : //!
518 : : //! @sa ChainstateRole
519 : : ChainstateRole GetRole() const EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(::cs_main);
520 : :
521 : : /**
522 : : * Initialize the CoinsViews UTXO set database management data structures. The in-memory
523 : : * cache is initialized separately.
524 : : *
525 : : * All parameters forwarded to CoinsViews.
526 : : */
527 : : void InitCoinsDB(
528 : : size_t cache_size_bytes,
529 : : bool in_memory,
530 : : bool should_wipe,
531 : : fs::path leveldb_name = "chainstate");
532 : :
533 : : //! Initialize the in-memory coins cache (to be done after the health of the on-disk database
534 : : //! is verified).
535 : : void InitCoinsCache(size_t cache_size_bytes) EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(::cs_main);
536 : :
537 : : //! @returns whether or not the CoinsViews object has been fully initialized and we can
538 : : //! safely flush this object to disk.
539 : 604 : bool CanFlushToDisk() const EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(::cs_main)
540 : : {
541 : 604 : AssertLockHeld(::cs_main);
542 [ - + ]: 604 : return m_coins_views && m_coins_views->m_cacheview;
543 : : }
544 : :
545 : : //! The current chain of blockheaders we consult and build on.
546 : : //! @see CChain, CBlockIndex.
547 : : CChain m_chain;
548 : :
549 : : /**
550 : : * The blockhash which is the base of the snapshot this chainstate was created from.
551 : : *
552 : : * std::nullopt if this chainstate was not created from a snapshot.
553 : : */
554 : : const std::optional<uint256> m_from_snapshot_blockhash;
555 : :
556 : : /**
557 : : * The base of the snapshot this chainstate was created from.
558 : : *
559 : : * nullptr if this chainstate was not created from a snapshot.
560 : : */
561 : : const CBlockIndex* SnapshotBase() EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(::cs_main);
562 : :
563 : : /**
564 : : * The set of all CBlockIndex entries with either BLOCK_VALID_TRANSACTIONS (for
565 : : * itself and all ancestors) *or* BLOCK_ASSUMED_VALID (if using background
566 : : * chainstates) and as good as our current tip or better. Entries may be failed,
567 : : * though, and pruning nodes may be missing the data for the block.
568 : : */
569 : : std::set<CBlockIndex*, node::CBlockIndexWorkComparator> setBlockIndexCandidates;
570 : :
571 : : //! @returns A reference to the in-memory cache of the UTXO set.
572 : 2614 : CCoinsViewCache& CoinsTip() EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(::cs_main)
573 : : {
574 : 2614 : AssertLockHeld(::cs_main);
575 : 2614 : Assert(m_coins_views);
576 : 2614 : return *Assert(m_coins_views->m_cacheview);
577 : : }
578 : :
579 : : //! @returns A reference to the on-disk UTXO set database.
580 : 3 : CCoinsViewDB& CoinsDB() EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(::cs_main)
581 : : {
582 : 3 : AssertLockHeld(::cs_main);
583 : 3 : return Assert(m_coins_views)->m_dbview;
584 : : }
585 : :
586 : : //! @returns A pointer to the mempool.
587 : 0 : CTxMemPool* GetMempool()
588 : : {
589 : 0 : return m_mempool;
590 : : }
591 : :
592 : : //! @returns A reference to a wrapped view of the in-memory UTXO set that
593 : : //! handles disk read errors gracefully.
594 : 0 : CCoinsViewErrorCatcher& CoinsErrorCatcher() EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(::cs_main)
595 : : {
596 : 0 : AssertLockHeld(::cs_main);
597 : 0 : return Assert(m_coins_views)->m_catcherview;
598 : : }
599 : :
600 : : //! Destructs all objects related to accessing the UTXO set.
601 : 0 : void ResetCoinsViews() { m_coins_views.reset(); }
602 : :
603 : : //! Does this chainstate have a UTXO set attached?
604 : 0 : bool HasCoinsViews() const { return (bool)m_coins_views; }
605 : :
606 : : //! The cache size of the on-disk coins view.
607 : : size_t m_coinsdb_cache_size_bytes{0};
608 : :
609 : : //! The cache size of the in-memory coins view.
610 : : size_t m_coinstip_cache_size_bytes{0};
611 : :
612 : : //! Resize the CoinsViews caches dynamically and flush state to disk.
613 : : //! @returns true unless an error occurred during the flush.
614 : : bool ResizeCoinsCaches(size_t coinstip_size, size_t coinsdb_size)
615 : : EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(::cs_main);
616 : :
617 : : /**
618 : : * Update the on-disk chain state.
619 : : * The caches and indexes are flushed depending on the mode we're called with
620 : : * if they're too large, if it's been a while since the last write,
621 : : * or always and in all cases if we're in prune mode and are deleting files.
622 : : *
623 : : * If FlushStateMode::NONE is used, then FlushStateToDisk(...) won't do anything
624 : : * besides checking if we need to prune.
625 : : *
626 : : * @returns true unless a system error occurred
627 : : */
628 : : bool FlushStateToDisk(
629 : : BlockValidationState& state,
630 : : FlushStateMode mode,
631 : : int nManualPruneHeight = 0);
632 : :
633 : : //! Unconditionally flush all changes to disk.
634 : : void ForceFlushStateToDisk();
635 : :
636 : : //! Prune blockfiles from the disk if necessary and then flush chainstate changes
637 : : //! if we pruned.
638 : : void PruneAndFlush();
639 : :
640 : : /**
641 : : * Find the best known block, and make it the tip of the block chain. The
642 : : * result is either failure or an activated best chain. pblock is either
643 : : * nullptr or a pointer to a block that is already loaded (to avoid loading
644 : : * it again from disk).
645 : : *
646 : : * ActivateBestChain is split into steps (see ActivateBestChainStep) so that
647 : : * we avoid holding cs_main for an extended period of time; the length of this
648 : : * call may be quite long during reindexing or a substantial reorg.
649 : : *
650 : : * May not be called with cs_main held. May not be called in a
651 : : * validationinterface callback.
652 : : *
653 : : * Note that if this is called while a snapshot chainstate is active, and if
654 : : * it is called on a background chainstate whose tip has reached the base block
655 : : * of the snapshot, its execution will take *MINUTES* while it hashes the
656 : : * background UTXO set to verify the assumeutxo value the snapshot was activated
657 : : * with. `cs_main` will be held during this time.
658 : : *
659 : : * @returns true unless a system error occurred
660 : : */
661 : : bool ActivateBestChain(
662 : : BlockValidationState& state,
663 : : std::shared_ptr<const CBlock> pblock = nullptr)
664 : : EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(!m_chainstate_mutex)
665 : : LOCKS_EXCLUDED(::cs_main);
666 : :
667 : : // Block (dis)connection on a given view:
668 : : DisconnectResult DisconnectBlock(const CBlock& block, const CBlockIndex* pindex, CCoinsViewCache& view)
669 : : EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(::cs_main);
670 : : bool ConnectBlock(const CBlock& block, BlockValidationState& state, CBlockIndex* pindex,
671 : : CCoinsViewCache& view, bool fJustCheck = false) EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(cs_main);
672 : :
673 : : // Apply the effects of a block disconnection on the UTXO set.
674 : : bool DisconnectTip(BlockValidationState& state, DisconnectedBlockTransactions* disconnectpool) EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(cs_main, m_mempool->cs);
675 : :
676 : : // Manual block validity manipulation:
677 : : /** Mark a block as precious and reorganize.
678 : : *
679 : : * May not be called in a validationinterface callback.
680 : : */
681 : : bool PreciousBlock(BlockValidationState& state, CBlockIndex* pindex)
682 : : EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(!m_chainstate_mutex)
683 : : LOCKS_EXCLUDED(::cs_main);
684 : :
685 : : /** Mark a block as invalid. */
686 : : bool InvalidateBlock(BlockValidationState& state, CBlockIndex* pindex)
687 : : EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(!m_chainstate_mutex)
688 : : LOCKS_EXCLUDED(::cs_main);
689 : :
690 : : /** Remove invalidity status from a block and its descendants. */
691 : : void ResetBlockFailureFlags(CBlockIndex* pindex) EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(cs_main);
692 : :
693 : : /** Replay blocks that aren't fully applied to the database. */
694 : : bool ReplayBlocks();
695 : :
696 : : /** Whether the chain state needs to be redownloaded due to lack of witness data */
697 : : [[nodiscard]] bool NeedsRedownload() const EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(cs_main);
698 : : /** Ensures we have a genesis block in the block tree, possibly writing one to disk. */
699 : : bool LoadGenesisBlock();
700 : :
701 : : void TryAddBlockIndexCandidate(CBlockIndex* pindex) EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(cs_main);
702 : :
703 : : void PruneBlockIndexCandidates();
704 : :
705 : : void ClearBlockIndexCandidates() EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(::cs_main);
706 : :
707 : : /** Find the last common block of this chain and a locator. */
708 : : const CBlockIndex* FindForkInGlobalIndex(const CBlockLocator& locator) const EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(cs_main);
709 : :
710 : : /** Update the chain tip based on database information, i.e. CoinsTip()'s best block. */
711 : : bool LoadChainTip() EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(cs_main);
712 : :
713 : : //! Dictates whether we need to flush the cache to disk or not.
714 : : //!
715 : : //! @return the state of the size of the coins cache.
716 : : CoinsCacheSizeState GetCoinsCacheSizeState() EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(::cs_main);
717 : :
718 : : CoinsCacheSizeState GetCoinsCacheSizeState(
719 : : size_t max_coins_cache_size_bytes,
720 : : size_t max_mempool_size_bytes) EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(::cs_main);
721 : :
722 : : std::string ToString() EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(::cs_main);
723 : :
724 : : //! Indirection necessary to make lock annotations work with an optional mempool.
725 : 201 : RecursiveMutex* MempoolMutex() const LOCK_RETURNED(m_mempool->cs)
726 : : {
727 [ + - ]: 201 : return m_mempool ? &m_mempool->cs : nullptr;
728 : : }
729 : :
730 : : private:
731 : : bool ActivateBestChainStep(BlockValidationState& state, CBlockIndex* pindexMostWork, const std::shared_ptr<const CBlock>& pblock, bool& fInvalidFound, ConnectTrace& connectTrace) EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(cs_main, m_mempool->cs);
732 : : bool ConnectTip(BlockValidationState& state, CBlockIndex* pindexNew, const std::shared_ptr<const CBlock>& pblock, ConnectTrace& connectTrace, DisconnectedBlockTransactions& disconnectpool) EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(cs_main, m_mempool->cs);
733 : :
734 : : void InvalidBlockFound(CBlockIndex* pindex, const BlockValidationState& state) EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(cs_main);
735 : : CBlockIndex* FindMostWorkChain() EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(cs_main);
736 : :
737 : : bool RollforwardBlock(const CBlockIndex* pindex, CCoinsViewCache& inputs) EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(cs_main);
738 : :
739 : : void CheckForkWarningConditions() EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(cs_main);
740 : : void InvalidChainFound(CBlockIndex* pindexNew) EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(cs_main);
741 : :
742 : : /**
743 : : * Make mempool consistent after a reorg, by re-adding or recursively erasing
744 : : * disconnected block transactions from the mempool, and also removing any
745 : : * other transactions from the mempool that are no longer valid given the new
746 : : * tip/height.
747 : : *
748 : : * Note: we assume that disconnectpool only contains transactions that are NOT
749 : : * confirmed in the current chain nor already in the mempool (otherwise,
750 : : * in-mempool descendants of such transactions would be removed).
751 : : *
752 : : * Passing fAddToMempool=false will skip trying to add the transactions back,
753 : : * and instead just erase from the mempool as needed.
754 : : */
755 : : void MaybeUpdateMempoolForReorg(
756 : : DisconnectedBlockTransactions& disconnectpool,
757 : : bool fAddToMempool) EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(cs_main, m_mempool->cs);
758 : :
759 : : /** Check warning conditions and do some notifications on new chain tip set. */
760 : : void UpdateTip(const CBlockIndex* pindexNew)
761 : : EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(::cs_main);
762 : :
763 : : SteadyClock::time_point m_last_write{};
764 : : SteadyClock::time_point m_last_flush{};
765 : :
766 : : /**
767 : : * In case of an invalid snapshot, rename the coins leveldb directory so
768 : : * that it can be examined for issue diagnosis.
769 : : */
770 : : [[nodiscard]] util::Result<void> InvalidateCoinsDBOnDisk() EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(::cs_main);
771 : :
772 : : friend ChainstateManager;
773 : : };
774 : :
775 : :
776 : : enum class SnapshotCompletionResult {
777 : : SUCCESS,
778 : : SKIPPED,
779 : :
780 : : // Expected assumeutxo configuration data is not found for the height of the
781 : : // base block.
782 : : MISSING_CHAINPARAMS,
783 : :
784 : : // Failed to generate UTXO statistics (to check UTXO set hash) for the background
785 : : // chainstate.
786 : : STATS_FAILED,
787 : :
788 : : // The UTXO set hash of the background validation chainstate does not match
789 : : // the one expected by assumeutxo chainparams.
790 : : HASH_MISMATCH,
791 : :
792 : : // The blockhash of the current tip of the background validation chainstate does
793 : : // not match the one expected by the snapshot chainstate.
794 : : BASE_BLOCKHASH_MISMATCH,
795 : : };
796 : :
797 : : /**
798 : : * Provides an interface for creating and interacting with one or two
799 : : * chainstates: an IBD chainstate generated by downloading blocks, and
800 : : * an optional snapshot chainstate loaded from a UTXO snapshot. Managed
801 : : * chainstates can be maintained at different heights simultaneously.
802 : : *
803 : : * This class provides abstractions that allow the retrieval of the current
804 : : * most-work chainstate ("Active") as well as chainstates which may be in
805 : : * background use to validate UTXO snapshots.
806 : : *
807 : : * Definitions:
808 : : *
809 : : * *IBD chainstate*: a chainstate whose current state has been "fully"
810 : : * validated by the initial block download process.
811 : : *
812 : : * *Snapshot chainstate*: a chainstate populated by loading in an
813 : : * assumeutxo UTXO snapshot.
814 : : *
815 : : * *Active chainstate*: the chainstate containing the current most-work
816 : : * chain. Consulted by most parts of the system (net_processing,
817 : : * wallet) as a reflection of the current chain and UTXO set.
818 : : * This may either be an IBD chainstate or a snapshot chainstate.
819 : : *
820 : : * *Background IBD chainstate*: an IBD chainstate for which the
821 : : * IBD process is happening in the background while use of the
822 : : * active (snapshot) chainstate allows the rest of the system to function.
823 : : */
824 : : class ChainstateManager
825 : : {
826 : : private:
827 : : //! The chainstate used under normal operation (i.e. "regular" IBD) or, if
828 : : //! a snapshot is in use, for background validation.
829 : : //!
830 : : //! Its contents (including on-disk data) will be deleted *upon shutdown*
831 : : //! after background validation of the snapshot has completed. We do not
832 : : //! free the chainstate contents immediately after it finishes validation
833 : : //! to cautiously avoid a case where some other part of the system is still
834 : : //! using this pointer (e.g. net_processing).
835 : : //!
836 : : //! Once this pointer is set to a corresponding chainstate, it will not
837 : : //! be reset until init.cpp:Shutdown().
838 : : //!
839 : : //! This is especially important when, e.g., calling ActivateBestChain()
840 : : //! on all chainstates because we are not able to hold ::cs_main going into
841 : : //! that call.
842 : : std::unique_ptr<Chainstate> m_ibd_chainstate GUARDED_BY(::cs_main);
843 : :
844 : : //! A chainstate initialized on the basis of a UTXO snapshot. If this is
845 : : //! non-null, it is always our active chainstate.
846 : : //!
847 : : //! Once this pointer is set to a corresponding chainstate, it will not
848 : : //! be reset until init.cpp:Shutdown().
849 : : //!
850 : : //! This is especially important when, e.g., calling ActivateBestChain()
851 : : //! on all chainstates because we are not able to hold ::cs_main going into
852 : : //! that call.
853 : : std::unique_ptr<Chainstate> m_snapshot_chainstate GUARDED_BY(::cs_main);
854 : :
855 : : //! Points to either the ibd or snapshot chainstate; indicates our
856 : : //! most-work chain.
857 : : //!
858 : : //! This is especially important when, e.g., calling ActivateBestChain()
859 : : //! on all chainstates because we are not able to hold ::cs_main going into
860 : : //! that call.
861 : : Chainstate* m_active_chainstate GUARDED_BY(::cs_main) {nullptr};
862 : :
863 : : CBlockIndex* m_best_invalid GUARDED_BY(::cs_main){nullptr};
864 : :
865 : : //! Internal helper for ActivateSnapshot().
866 : : [[nodiscard]] bool PopulateAndValidateSnapshot(
867 : : Chainstate& snapshot_chainstate,
868 : : AutoFile& coins_file,
869 : : const node::SnapshotMetadata& metadata);
870 : :
871 : : /**
872 : : * If a block header hasn't already been seen, call CheckBlockHeader on it, ensure
873 : : * that it doesn't descend from an invalid block, and then add it to m_block_index.
874 : : * Caller must set min_pow_checked=true in order to add a new header to the
875 : : * block index (permanent memory storage), indicating that the header is
876 : : * known to be part of a sufficiently high-work chain (anti-dos check).
877 : : */
878 : : bool AcceptBlockHeader(
879 : : const CBlockHeader& block,
880 : : BlockValidationState& state,
881 : : CBlockIndex** ppindex,
882 : : bool min_pow_checked) EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(cs_main);
883 : : friend Chainstate;
884 : :
885 : : /** Most recent headers presync progress update, for rate-limiting. */
886 : : std::chrono::time_point<std::chrono::steady_clock> m_last_presync_update GUARDED_BY(::cs_main) {};
887 : :
888 : : std::array<ThresholdConditionCache, VERSIONBITS_NUM_BITS> m_warningcache GUARDED_BY(::cs_main);
889 : :
890 : : //! Return true if a chainstate is considered usable.
891 : : //!
892 : : //! This is false when a background validation chainstate has completed its
893 : : //! validation of an assumed-valid chainstate, or when a snapshot
894 : : //! chainstate has been found to be invalid.
895 : 124175 : bool IsUsable(const Chainstate* const cs) const EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(::cs_main) {
896 [ + + ]: 124175 : return cs && !cs->m_disabled;
897 : : }
898 : :
899 : : public:
900 : : using Options = kernel::ChainstateManagerOpts;
901 : :
902 : : explicit ChainstateManager(const util::SignalInterrupt& interrupt, Options options, node::BlockManager::Options blockman_options);
903 : :
904 : : //! Function to restart active indexes; set dynamically to avoid a circular
905 : : //! dependency on `base/index.cpp`.
906 : : std::function<void()> restart_indexes = std::function<void()>();
907 : :
908 : 1404 : const CChainParams& GetParams() const { return m_options.chainparams; }
909 : 5603 : const Consensus::Params& GetConsensus() const { return m_options.chainparams.GetConsensus(); }
910 : 601 : bool ShouldCheckBlockIndex() const { return *Assert(m_options.check_block_index); }
911 : 1555 : const arith_uint256& MinimumChainWork() const { return *Assert(m_options.minimum_chain_work); }
912 : 401 : const uint256& AssumedValidBlock() const { return *Assert(m_options.assumed_valid_block); }
913 : 401 : kernel::Notifications& GetNotifications() const { return m_options.notifications; };
914 : :
915 : : /**
916 : : * Make various assertions about the state of the block index.
917 : : *
918 : : * By default this only executes fully when using the Regtest chain; see: m_options.check_block_index.
919 : : */
920 : : void CheckBlockIndex();
921 : :
922 : : /**
923 : : * Alias for ::cs_main.
924 : : * Should be used in new code to make it easier to make ::cs_main a member
925 : : * of this class.
926 : : * Generally, methods of this class should be annotated to require this
927 : : * mutex. This will make calling code more verbose, but also help to:
928 : : * - Clarify that the method will acquire a mutex that heavily affects
929 : : * overall performance.
930 : : * - Force call sites to think how long they need to acquire the mutex to
931 : : * get consistent results.
932 : : */
933 : 800 : RecursiveMutex& GetMutex() const LOCK_RETURNED(::cs_main) { return ::cs_main; }
934 : :
935 : : const util::SignalInterrupt& m_interrupt;
936 : : const Options m_options;
937 : : std::thread m_thread_load;
938 : : //! A single BlockManager instance is shared across each constructed
939 : : //! chainstate to avoid duplicating block metadata.
940 : : node::BlockManager m_blockman;
941 : :
942 : : /**
943 : : * Whether initial block download has ended and IsInitialBlockDownload
944 : : * should return false from now on.
945 : : *
946 : : * Mutable because we need to be able to mark IsInitialBlockDownload()
947 : : * const, which latches this for caching purposes.
948 : : */
949 : : mutable std::atomic<bool> m_cached_finished_ibd{false};
950 : :
951 : : /**
952 : : * Every received block is assigned a unique and increasing identifier, so we
953 : : * know which one to give priority in case of a fork.
954 : : */
955 : : /** Blocks loaded from disk are assigned id 0, so start the counter at 1. */
956 : : int32_t nBlockSequenceId GUARDED_BY(::cs_main) = 1;
957 : : /** Decreasing counter (used by subsequent preciousblock calls). */
958 : : int32_t nBlockReverseSequenceId = -1;
959 : : /** chainwork for the last block that preciousblock has been applied to. */
960 : : arith_uint256 nLastPreciousChainwork = 0;
961 : :
962 : : // Reset the memory-only sequence counters we use to track block arrival
963 : : // (used by tests to reset state)
964 : : void ResetBlockSequenceCounters() EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(::cs_main)
965 : : {
966 : : AssertLockHeld(::cs_main);
967 : : nBlockSequenceId = 1;
968 : : nBlockReverseSequenceId = -1;
969 : : }
970 : :
971 : :
972 : : /**
973 : : * In order to efficiently track invalidity of headers, we keep the set of
974 : : * blocks which we tried to connect and found to be invalid here (ie which
975 : : * were set to BLOCK_FAILED_VALID since the last restart). We can then
976 : : * walk this set and check if a new header is a descendant of something in
977 : : * this set, preventing us from having to walk m_block_index when we try
978 : : * to connect a bad block and fail.
979 : : *
980 : : * While this is more complicated than marking everything which descends
981 : : * from an invalid block as invalid at the time we discover it to be
982 : : * invalid, doing so would require walking all of m_block_index to find all
983 : : * descendants. Since this case should be very rare, keeping track of all
984 : : * BLOCK_FAILED_VALID blocks in a set should be just fine and work just as
985 : : * well.
986 : : *
987 : : * Because we already walk m_block_index in height-order at startup, we go
988 : : * ahead and mark descendants of invalid blocks as FAILED_CHILD at that time,
989 : : * instead of putting things in this set.
990 : : */
991 : : std::set<CBlockIndex*> m_failed_blocks;
992 : :
993 : : /** Best header we've seen so far (used for getheaders queries' starting points). */
994 : : CBlockIndex* m_best_header GUARDED_BY(::cs_main){nullptr};
995 : :
996 : : //! The total number of bytes available for us to use across all in-memory
997 : : //! coins caches. This will be split somehow across chainstates.
998 : : int64_t m_total_coinstip_cache{0};
999 : : //
1000 : : //! The total number of bytes available for us to use across all leveldb
1001 : : //! coins databases. This will be split somehow across chainstates.
1002 : : int64_t m_total_coinsdb_cache{0};
1003 : :
1004 : : //! Instantiate a new chainstate.
1005 : : //!
1006 : : //! @param[in] mempool The mempool to pass to the chainstate
1007 : : // constructor
1008 : : Chainstate& InitializeChainstate(CTxMemPool* mempool) EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(::cs_main);
1009 : :
1010 : : //! Get all chainstates currently being used.
1011 : : std::vector<Chainstate*> GetAll();
1012 : :
1013 : : //! Construct and activate a Chainstate on the basis of UTXO snapshot data.
1014 : : //!
1015 : : //! Steps:
1016 : : //!
1017 : : //! - Initialize an unused Chainstate.
1018 : : //! - Load its `CoinsViews` contents from `coins_file`.
1019 : : //! - Verify that the hash of the resulting coinsdb matches the expected hash
1020 : : //! per assumeutxo chain parameters.
1021 : : //! - Wait for our headers chain to include the base block of the snapshot.
1022 : : //! - "Fast forward" the tip of the new chainstate to the base of the snapshot,
1023 : : //! faking nTx* block index data along the way.
1024 : : //! - Move the new chainstate to `m_snapshot_chainstate` and make it our
1025 : : //! ChainstateActive().
1026 : : [[nodiscard]] bool ActivateSnapshot(
1027 : : AutoFile& coins_file, const node::SnapshotMetadata& metadata, bool in_memory);
1028 : :
1029 : : //! Once the background validation chainstate has reached the height which
1030 : : //! is the base of the UTXO snapshot in use, compare its coins to ensure
1031 : : //! they match those expected by the snapshot.
1032 : : //!
1033 : : //! If the coins match (expected), then mark the validation chainstate for
1034 : : //! deletion and continue using the snapshot chainstate as active.
1035 : : //! Otherwise, revert to using the ibd chainstate and shutdown.
1036 : : SnapshotCompletionResult MaybeCompleteSnapshotValidation() EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(::cs_main);
1037 : :
1038 : : //! Returns nullptr if no snapshot has been loaded.
1039 : : const CBlockIndex* GetSnapshotBaseBlock() const EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(::cs_main);
1040 : :
1041 : : //! The most-work chain.
1042 : : Chainstate& ActiveChainstate() const;
1043 : 3361 : CChain& ActiveChain() const EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(GetMutex()) { return ActiveChainstate().m_chain; }
1044 : 600 : int ActiveHeight() const EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(GetMutex()) { return ActiveChain().Height(); }
1045 : 400 : CBlockIndex* ActiveTip() const EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(GetMutex()) { return ActiveChain().Tip(); }
1046 : :
1047 : : //! The state of a background sync (for net processing)
1048 : 359 : bool BackgroundSyncInProgress() const EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(GetMutex()) {
1049 [ + - ]: 359 : return IsUsable(m_snapshot_chainstate.get()) && IsUsable(m_ibd_chainstate.get());
1050 : : }
1051 : :
1052 : : //! The tip of the background sync chain
1053 : 0 : const CBlockIndex* GetBackgroundSyncTip() const EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(GetMutex()) {
1054 [ # # ]: 0 : return BackgroundSyncInProgress() ? m_ibd_chainstate->m_chain.Tip() : nullptr;
1055 : : }
1056 : :
1057 : 1 : node::BlockMap& BlockIndex() EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(::cs_main)
1058 : : {
1059 : 1 : AssertLockHeld(::cs_main);
1060 : 1 : return m_blockman.m_block_index;
1061 : : }
1062 : :
1063 : : /**
1064 : : * Track versionbit status
1065 : : */
1066 : : mutable VersionBitsCache m_versionbitscache;
1067 : :
1068 : : //! @returns true if a snapshot-based chainstate is in use. Also implies
1069 : : //! that a background validation chainstate is also in use.
1070 : : bool IsSnapshotActive() const;
1071 : :
1072 : : std::optional<uint256> SnapshotBlockhash() const;
1073 : :
1074 : : //! Is there a snapshot in use and has it been fully validated?
1075 : 0 : bool IsSnapshotValidated() const EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(::cs_main)
1076 : : {
1077 [ # # ][ # # ]: 0 : return m_snapshot_chainstate && m_ibd_chainstate && m_ibd_chainstate->m_disabled;
1078 : : }
1079 : :
1080 : : /** Check whether we are doing an initial block download (synchronizing from disk or network) */
1081 : : bool IsInitialBlockDownload() const;
1082 : :
1083 : : /**
1084 : : * Import blocks from an external file
1085 : : *
1086 : : * During reindexing, this function is called for each block file (datadir/blocks/blk?????.dat).
1087 : : * It reads all blocks contained in the given file and attempts to process them (add them to the
1088 : : * block index). The blocks may be out of order within each file and across files. Often this
1089 : : * function reads a block but finds that its parent hasn't been read yet, so the block can't be
1090 : : * processed yet. The function will add an entry to the blocks_with_unknown_parent map (which is
1091 : : * passed as an argument), so that when the block's parent is later read and processed, this
1092 : : * function can re-read the child block from disk and process it.
1093 : : *
1094 : : * Because a block's parent may be in a later file, not just later in the same file, the
1095 : : * blocks_with_unknown_parent map must be passed in and out with each call. It's a multimap,
1096 : : * rather than just a map, because multiple blocks may have the same parent (when chain splits
1097 : : * or stale blocks exist). It maps from parent-hash to child-disk-position.
1098 : : *
1099 : : * This function can also be used to read blocks from user-specified block files using the
1100 : : * -loadblock= option. There's no unknown-parent tracking, so the last two arguments are omitted.
1101 : : *
1102 : : *
1103 : : * @param[in] file_in File containing blocks to read
1104 : : * @param[in] dbp (optional) Disk block position (only for reindex)
1105 : : * @param[in,out] blocks_with_unknown_parent (optional) Map of disk positions for blocks with
1106 : : * unknown parent, key is parent block hash
1107 : : * (only used for reindex)
1108 : : * */
1109 : : void LoadExternalBlockFile(
1110 : : CAutoFile& file_in,
1111 : : FlatFilePos* dbp = nullptr,
1112 : : std::multimap<uint256, FlatFilePos>* blocks_with_unknown_parent = nullptr);
1113 : :
1114 : : /**
1115 : : * Process an incoming block. This only returns after the best known valid
1116 : : * block is made active. Note that it does not, however, guarantee that the
1117 : : * specific block passed to it has been checked for validity!
1118 : : *
1119 : : * If you want to *possibly* get feedback on whether block is valid, you must
1120 : : * install a CValidationInterface (see validationinterface.h) - this will have
1121 : : * its BlockChecked method called whenever *any* block completes validation.
1122 : : *
1123 : : * Note that we guarantee that either the proof-of-work is valid on block, or
1124 : : * (and possibly also) BlockChecked will have been called.
1125 : : *
1126 : : * May not be called in a validationinterface callback.
1127 : : *
1128 : : * @param[in] block The block we want to process.
1129 : : * @param[in] force_processing Process this block even if unrequested; used for non-network block sources.
1130 : : * @param[in] min_pow_checked True if proof-of-work anti-DoS checks have
1131 : : * been done by caller for headers chain
1132 : : * (note: only affects headers acceptance; if
1133 : : * block header is already present in block
1134 : : * index then this parameter has no effect)
1135 : : * @param[out] new_block A boolean which is set to indicate if the block was first received via this call
1136 : : * @returns If the block was processed, independently of block validity
1137 : : */
1138 : : bool ProcessNewBlock(const std::shared_ptr<const CBlock>& block, bool force_processing, bool min_pow_checked, bool* new_block) LOCKS_EXCLUDED(cs_main);
1139 : :
1140 : : /**
1141 : : * Process incoming block headers.
1142 : : *
1143 : : * May not be called in a
1144 : : * validationinterface callback.
1145 : : *
1146 : : * @param[in] block The block headers themselves
1147 : : * @param[in] min_pow_checked True if proof-of-work anti-DoS checks have been done by caller for headers chain
1148 : : * @param[out] state This may be set to an Error state if any error occurred processing them
1149 : : * @param[out] ppindex If set, the pointer will be set to point to the last new block index object for the given headers
1150 : : */
1151 : : bool ProcessNewBlockHeaders(const std::vector<CBlockHeader>& block, bool min_pow_checked, BlockValidationState& state, const CBlockIndex** ppindex = nullptr) LOCKS_EXCLUDED(cs_main);
1152 : :
1153 : : /**
1154 : : * Sufficiently validate a block for disk storage (and store on disk).
1155 : : *
1156 : : * @param[in] pblock The block we want to process.
1157 : : * @param[in] fRequested Whether we requested this block from a
1158 : : * peer.
1159 : : * @param[in] dbp The location on disk, if we are importing
1160 : : * this block from prior storage.
1161 : : * @param[in] min_pow_checked True if proof-of-work anti-DoS checks have
1162 : : * been done by caller for headers chain
1163 : : *
1164 : : * @param[out] state The state of the block validation.
1165 : : * @param[out] ppindex Optional return parameter to get the
1166 : : * CBlockIndex pointer for this block.
1167 : : * @param[out] fNewBlock Optional return parameter to indicate if the
1168 : : * block is new to our storage.
1169 : : *
1170 : : * @returns False if the block or header is invalid, or if saving to disk fails (likely a fatal error); true otherwise.
1171 : : */
1172 : : bool AcceptBlock(const std::shared_ptr<const CBlock>& pblock, BlockValidationState& state, CBlockIndex** ppindex, bool fRequested, const FlatFilePos* dbp, bool* fNewBlock, bool min_pow_checked) EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(cs_main);
1173 : :
1174 : : void ReceivedBlockTransactions(const CBlock& block, CBlockIndex* pindexNew, const FlatFilePos& pos) EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(cs_main);
1175 : :
1176 : : /**
1177 : : * Try to add a transaction to the memory pool.
1178 : : *
1179 : : * @param[in] tx The transaction to submit for mempool acceptance.
1180 : : * @param[in] test_accept When true, run validation checks but don't submit to mempool.
1181 : : */
1182 : : [[nodiscard]] MempoolAcceptResult ProcessTransaction(const CTransactionRef& tx, bool test_accept=false)
1183 : : EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(cs_main);
1184 : :
1185 : : //! Load the block tree and coins database from disk, initializing state if we're running with -reindex
1186 : : bool LoadBlockIndex() EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(cs_main);
1187 : :
1188 : : //! Check to see if caches are out of balance and if so, call
1189 : : //! ResizeCoinsCaches() as needed.
1190 : : void MaybeRebalanceCaches() EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(::cs_main);
1191 : :
1192 : : /** Update uncommitted block structures (currently: only the witness reserved value). This is safe for submitted blocks. */
1193 : : void UpdateUncommittedBlockStructures(CBlock& block, const CBlockIndex* pindexPrev) const;
1194 : :
1195 : : /** Produce the necessary coinbase commitment for a block (modifies the hash, don't call for mined blocks). */
1196 : : std::vector<unsigned char> GenerateCoinbaseCommitment(CBlock& block, const CBlockIndex* pindexPrev) const;
1197 : :
1198 : : /** This is used by net_processing to report pre-synchronization progress of headers, as
1199 : : * headers are not yet fed to validation during that time, but validation is (for now)
1200 : : * responsible for logging and signalling through NotifyHeaderTip, so it needs this
1201 : : * information. */
1202 : : void ReportHeadersPresync(const arith_uint256& work, int64_t height, int64_t timestamp);
1203 : :
1204 : : //! When starting up, search the datadir for a chainstate based on a UTXO
1205 : : //! snapshot that is in the process of being validated.
1206 : : bool DetectSnapshotChainstate(CTxMemPool* mempool) EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(::cs_main);
1207 : :
1208 : : void ResetChainstates() EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(::cs_main);
1209 : :
1210 : : //! Remove the snapshot-based chainstate and all on-disk artifacts.
1211 : : //! Used when reindex{-chainstate} is called during snapshot use.
1212 : : [[nodiscard]] bool DeleteSnapshotChainstate() EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(::cs_main);
1213 : :
1214 : : //! Switch the active chainstate to one based on a UTXO snapshot that was loaded
1215 : : //! previously.
1216 : : Chainstate& ActivateExistingSnapshot(uint256 base_blockhash) EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(::cs_main);
1217 : :
1218 : : //! If we have validated a snapshot chain during this runtime, copy its
1219 : : //! chainstate directory over to the main `chainstate` location, completing
1220 : : //! validation of the snapshot.
1221 : : //!
1222 : : //! If the cleanup succeeds, the caller will need to ensure chainstates are
1223 : : //! reinitialized, since ResetChainstates() will be called before leveldb
1224 : : //! directories are moved or deleted.
1225 : : //!
1226 : : //! @sa node/chainstate:LoadChainstate()
1227 : : bool ValidatedSnapshotCleanup() EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(::cs_main);
1228 : :
1229 : : //! @returns the chainstate that indexes should consult when ensuring that an
1230 : : //! index is synced with a chain where we can expect block index entries to have
1231 : : //! BLOCK_HAVE_DATA beneath the tip.
1232 : : //!
1233 : : //! In other words, give us the chainstate for which we can reasonably expect
1234 : : //! that all blocks beneath the tip have been indexed. In practice this means
1235 : : //! when using an assumed-valid chainstate based upon a snapshot, return only the
1236 : : //! fully validated chain.
1237 : : Chainstate& GetChainstateForIndexing() EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(::cs_main);
1238 : :
1239 : : //! Return the [start, end] (inclusive) of block heights we can prune.
1240 : : //!
1241 : : //! start > end is possible, meaning no blocks can be pruned.
1242 : : std::pair<int, int> GetPruneRange(
1243 : : const Chainstate& chainstate, int last_height_can_prune) EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(::cs_main);
1244 : :
1245 : : //! Return the height of the base block of the snapshot in use, if one exists, else
1246 : : //! nullopt.
1247 : : std::optional<int> GetSnapshotBaseHeight() const EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(::cs_main);
1248 : :
1249 : : ~ChainstateManager();
1250 : : };
1251 : :
1252 : : /** Deployment* info via ChainstateManager */
1253 : : template<typename DEP>
1254 : 1400 : bool DeploymentActiveAfter(const CBlockIndex* pindexPrev, const ChainstateManager& chainman, DEP dep)
1255 : : {
1256 : 1400 : return DeploymentActiveAfter(pindexPrev, chainman.GetConsensus(), dep, chainman.m_versionbitscache);
1257 : : }
1258 : :
1259 : : template<typename DEP>
1260 : 2201 : bool DeploymentActiveAt(const CBlockIndex& index, const ChainstateManager& chainman, DEP dep)
1261 : : {
1262 : 2201 : return DeploymentActiveAt(index, chainman.GetConsensus(), dep, chainman.m_versionbitscache);
1263 : : }
1264 : :
1265 : : template<typename DEP>
1266 : 0 : bool DeploymentEnabled(const ChainstateManager& chainman, DEP dep)
1267 : : {
1268 : 0 : return DeploymentEnabled(chainman.GetConsensus(), dep);
1269 : : }
1270 : :
1271 : : /** Identifies blocks that overwrote an existing coinbase output in the UTXO set (see BIP30) */
1272 : : bool IsBIP30Repeat(const CBlockIndex& block_index);
1273 : :
1274 : : /** Identifies blocks which coinbase output was subsequently overwritten in the UTXO set (see BIP30) */
1275 : : bool IsBIP30Unspendable(const CBlockIndex& block_index);
1276 : :
1277 : : #endif // BITCOIN_VALIDATION_H
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